Participatory action research: exploring Indigenous youth perspectives and experiences
Abstract
Historical oppression at the hands of colonial government has marginalized and disempowered Indigenous peoples in Canada since first contact (Green, 1997). Research with Indigenous participants often reflects this power imbalance (Piquemal, 2001). What are the perceptions of Indigenous youth regarding their experiences as participants in a research project? This qualitative study sought to identify the salient issues in the research relationship between non-Native researchers and Native participants by clearly articulating the ethical issues that arise when academics enter Native communities.
References
Alfred, T. (1999). Peace, Power and Righteousness: An indigenous manifesto. Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press.
Anderson, G. & Aresnault, N. (1998). Fundamentals of Education Research. Philadelphia: The Falmer Press.
Atkinson, D.R., Morten, G., & Sue, D.W. (1998). Counselling American Minorities: A Cross-cultural Perspective.(4th ed.). (p. 123-144). Madison, Wisconsin: Brown & Benchmark.
Axelson, J. (1993). Counseling and Development in a Multicultural Society (2nd ed.). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Bogdan, R.C. & Biklen, S.K., (1992) Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theory and Methods. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Choney, S.K., Berryhill-Paapke, E., and Robbins, R.R. (1995). The acculturation of American Indians: Developing frameworks for research and practice. In J.G.
Ponterotto, J.M. Cass, L.A. Suzuki, and C.M. Alexanders (Eds.), Handbook of Multicultural Counselling (pp 73 – 92). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Cresswell, J.W. (1998). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Daily, B. (1988). The roots of the problems in Native communities. In Martens, T., Daily, B., & Hodgkin, M.The Spirit Weeps: Characteristics and Dynamics of Incest and Child Sexual Abuse, p. 107-122.
Darou, W. (2001). Vocational counselling and First Nations. Pimohte E-Journal of Native Studies. Available on the world Wide Web: http://www.ualberta.ca/~pimohte/W_darou_manuscript.htm.
Darou, W., Kurtness, J. & Hum, A. (1993). An investigation of the impact of psychological research on a Native population. Professional Psychology:Research and Practice, 24, 325-329.
France, H. (1997). First Nations: Helping and learning in the Aboriginal community. Guidance Counselling 12 (2), 3-8.
Green, H. (1997). “May I Walk in Beauty”: First Nations and self-esteem. Guidance Counselling, 12 (2), 22-26.
Garrett, M.T., & Herring, R.D. (2001). Honouring the power of relation: counselling Native adults. Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education, and Development, 40, 139-159.
Hart, S. (1995). Action in reflection. Educational Action Research, 3, 211-232.
Herring, R.D. (1992). Seeking a new paradigm: Counselling Native Americans. Journalof Multicultural Counselling and Development 20(1). 35-43.
Herring, R. (1999). Counselling Native American Indians and Alaska Natives. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hodgson, M. (1990). Shattering the Silence: Working with violence in Native communities. In Laidlaw, T.A. & Malmo, C. (Eds.), Healing Voices. P. 33-44. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Hudson, P. & Taylor-Henley, S. (2001). Beyond the rhetoric: Implementing culturally appropriate research projects in First Nations communities. American Indian Culture and Research Journal, 25:2, 93-105.
Hultkrantz, A. (1992). Shamanic Healing and Ritual Drama: Health and Medicine in Native American Religious Traditions. New York: Crossroads.
Juntunen, C. J., Barracloug, D.J., Broneck, C.L., Seibel, G.A., Winrow S.A., & Morin P.M. (2001). American Indian perspective on the career journey. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 48, 274-285.
LaFromboise, T.D., Trimble, J.E. & Mohatt, J.V. (1990). Counseling intervention and American Indian tradition: An integrative approach. Counseling Psychologist, 18, 628-654.
Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2, 34-46.
McCormick, R. (1997). Healing through interdependence: The role of connecting in First Nations healing practices. Canadian Journal of Counselling, 31(3), 172-184.
Martin, W.E. & Farris, K.K. (1994). A Cultural and contextual decision path to career assessment with Native Americans: A psychological perspective. Journal of Career Assessment, 2 (3), 258-275.
Medicine-Eagle, B. (1989). The circle of healing. In N.R. Carlson, B. Shields, & J. Brugh. (Eds.) Healers on Healing. (58-62). New York: J.P. Tarcher/Putnam.
Piquemal, N. (2001). Free and Informed Consent in Research Involving Native American Communities.American Indian Culture and Research Journal 25:1. 65-79.
Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. (1993). Public Hearings: Exploring the Options, Overview of the Third Round, Minister of Supplies and Services. (Cat.No. Z1-1991-1-11-1-3E). Canada Publishing Group.
Sanford, N. (1970). Whatever happened to action research? Journal of Social Issues, 26, 3-23.
Smith, D.B. and Morrissette, P.J. (2001). The experiences of white male counsellors who work with Aboriginals clients. Canadian Journal of Counselling. 35(1), pp. 74-88.
Sommer, R. (1999). Action research: From mental hospital reform in Saskatchewan to community building in California. Canadian Psychology. Vol. 40 (1), pp. 47-55.
Stubben, J. (2001). Working with and conduction research among American Indian Families. American Behavioural Scientist, 44, 1466–1480.
Thomason, T.C. (1999). Psychological and vocational assessment of Native Americans. ERIC Document ED432428. Greensboro, NC: ERIC Clearinghouse on Counseling and Student Services.
Trimble, J.E. & Flemming, C. (1989). Providing counseling services for Native American Indians: Client, counselor, and community characteristics. In Counseling Across Cultures, 3rd ed., edited by P. Pedersen, J.G. Draguns, W.J. Looner, and J.E. Trimble. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Weenie, A. (2000). Post colonial recovering and healing. In Learn in Beauty: IndigenousEducation in a New Century. http:/jan.ucc.nau.edu/-jar/LIB/LIB6.html
Wetsit, D. (1999). Effective Counseling with American Indian Students. In Next steps: research and practice to advance Indian education. Information Analysis. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Whyte, W. F. (1991). Participatory Action Research. (Ed. ) Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
